Fahrenheit 418 information · Legal dossier

Ordo Templi Orientis
Trade Mark

Starfire Publishing Limited, the ‘Caliphate’, and the amorphous average consumer.

‘Caliphate’ trade mark: England, 2003–2008

On 31 January 2003, the ‘Caliphate’ applied under the Trade Marks Act 1994 for registration of a series of four trade marks. For administrative purposes these were split into two series of two trade marks.

31 January 2003
The ‘Caliphate’ applies for registration of a series of four trade marks.
26 January 2004
Starfire Publishing Limited files notice of opposition, arguing that “O.T.O.” and related forms are, or ought to be considered, generic terms.
6 August 2007
The Hearing Officer declines to make a finding on the legitimacy of either party and treats the marks as unable to denote the goods or services of a single entity.
3 October 2007
William Breeze, ‘Caliph’ of the ‘Caliphate’-O.T.O. in the United States, gives notice of appeal.
6 June 2008
The Appeals Officer rules that the ‘Caliphate’s registrations of the name and Lamen may proceed in the United Kingdom.

“It is clear that there are a number of groups who follow the beliefs of Thelema or Thelemic Law that use the title Ordo Templi Orientis […] The marks in suit therefore do not, and cannot, act as a trade mark denoting the goods or services of a single entity.”

Technical point, not historical legitimacy. The appeal decision was made on technical points of law, not by evidence submitted on historical legitimacy. The phrase “average consumer” is doing the little dance here: in this case it was not restricted to people interested in the occult, but could be anybody.

Download the decision

Names in the dossier

Kenneth Grant Aossic Typhonian Ordo Templi Orientis
Kenneth Grant
John Symonds Aleister Crowley The Great Beast King of the Shadow Realm
John Symonds
Francis King
Francis King
Karl Johannes Germer
Karl Germer

Items of historical interest

Legal and documentary background

Cases, claims, copyrights

Naylor, Graeb, structure, money

Some things

Other background